All depends on your stack compared to big blind. If you have like 20 BB it's easy call. If you have for example 50BB, you'd have to make some calculations.
Let's say you raise by 3BB and he calls. With the blinds there is 7.5BB in the pot. If he goes all-in for 47BB, there will be 54,5BB in the pot and you will have to pay 47BB to win a total of 101.5BB. You need to win 46% of the time to make it profitable.
Now we don't know anything about our enemy but we can make some assumptions. He didn't re-raise so he doesn't have high pocker pair. He can have smaller overpair to the board like 10-10 and that's basically it, because with J-J he would probbably raise. He can also have a hand like A-9. All other hands are sets (two-pairs are also very unlikely on that board). There is no flush draw on the board and straight draw is pretty unlikely - he'd have to call your raise with 10-8. Of course he could have a
bluff. Let's give 20% to a bluff, where you are about 90% favorite (two random cards or a pair). About 30% to 10-10 or A-9 where you are also about 80% favorite. And 50% to a set, where you have about 10% to win. Now we need to multiply the chances: 0.3*0.8+0.2*0.9+0.5*0.1=47%~46%. A close call!
Now you can see that this calculation will depend a lot on stack sizes (46% here) and on the board (47% here). If you see possible flush draws or there are more possible overpairs, you should be willing more to call, because his hand range is greater. Also if he re-raised you pre-flop, you should be more willing to call because he could have hands like KK, QQ, AK in his range and also
pot odds would be better.
So although at first these kind of sitiations look like pure guess - you can actually make a rational decision. With your 40BB size stack it looks slightly more like a call than fold but with 100BB stack I would have folded.
