The problem with calling in this situation is, you are out of position, and the 3-bettor has reopened the betting for the original raiser. And if you face a 4-bet, are you really going to call that with AQ out of position? Even if original raiser just call, the field callers will usually call as well, and then you end up in a bloated multiway pot, where you are first to act with AQ.
And how are you going to make money from that situation? 2 out of 3 times you will miss the flop. And even when you hit on a board like AT4, you are going to lose a big pot, when someone has AK, ATs, TT or 44, and you usually only win a small pot, when they dont. So you are only really happy, if you completely smash the board with AQ4 or QQ5 or something of that nature.
So most of the time I would just fold and not even worry about it. But if I thought, the 3-bettor was out of line and taking advantage of all the field callers, then I might turn AQ into a
bluff and go for a light 4-bet. It is a nice 4-bet
bluffing hand, because it block AA, QQ and AK, which are some of the
hands, people normally continue with. And if we face a 5-bet, its typically a rather easy fold.